The problem with using resistors is that the slope of the resistances is preset thing. You can voltage divide all you want, but that will not change the slope.
Voltage divider : Vo = Vi (R2/(R1 +R2)) = Vi (1/((R1/R2) + 1)) Take the limit of R2 -> Inf and R2 -> 0. That will give you your V/R characteristic graph. That slope is a constant thing.
My advice, 2 options:
Use a potentiometer and get it dialed in for the empty setting (so you not sitting around with your dick in your hand on the side of the road)
Get fancy and use a microcontroller to do all the calculations. It would be a simple project for a modern uC. Use the controller to drive the voltages into your gauge cluster (Will require add'l hardware but it is easy and well documented).
Edit: Better yet, if you go the controller route, just get a display and have it work off of that. That would look much better and be really easy to do. You can go 7 segment, LCD, ect.